SUMI ADACHI was born in 1937 in Osaka, Japan. From 1942 until 1946, she lived in Tsingtao, China, where her father worked for Mitsubishi. Her teenage years were spent in Hiroshima, and in 1960 she received her B.S. from Ochanomizu Women's University in Tokyo. After teaching briefly at Koriyama College and engaging in research on atypical children at the Aiiku Research Institute, as well as hosting a regular children’s science television program on NHK, she was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship and came to the U.S. for further studies. In 1966, she received an M.S. from Cornell University in psychology.

From 1971 to 1978, Sumi Adachi was on the research staff of the Psychiatry Department at the University of California, San Diego. Since 1980 she has been a freelance writer on cross-cultural topics for various Japanese print as well as other media. Her first book, Oppenhaima to teraa: higeki no butsurigakushatachi (Oppenheimer and Teller: Physicists of Tragedy), was published in 1987 and led to NHK television hiring her in 1989 as a researcher and interviewer for a documentary film called Unforgettable Memory of Bikini Atoll. It was chosen from all the documentaries made by NHK that year for submission to the international competition of documentary films, Prix de Rome. Since then she has been involved in many other NHK documentaries, the most recent in 2002.

Other books by Sumi Adachi include Kaunto zero: genbaku toka zen'ya (Count Zero: The Eve of Dropping the Atomic Bomb), 1990, and Tozai reisen: kyoki no rohi (East-West Cold War: Insane Waste), 1994.

Sumi Adachi has also worked as a cross-cultural negotiator and mediator in business, cultural and medical affairs. She has organized Japanese lecture tours for American Nobel laureates, as well as three art exhibitions. She is also the calligrapher responsible for JPRI’s Japanese colophon. She lives in La Jolla, California, with her husband.

email addresses : sumias@aol.com, sumiada@aol.com


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KOZY K. AMEMIYA was born in Tokyo in 1947 and received her B.A. from Hitotsubashi University. She moved to California in 1973 and as a freelance writer contributed articles to newspapers and magazines in Japan. She undertook graduate work at the University of California, San Diego, and received her Ph.D. in sociology in 1993. Since 1996 she has been investigating Okinawan and Japanese immigration to Bolivia.

Amemiya’s earlier interest was women, family, population and abortion issues. She published “Woman’s Autonomy within the Community: The Contextual Argument of Japanese Pro-choice Women,” in The American Asian Review, Vol. XIII, No. 2. Other publications include “The Bolivian Connection: U.S. Bases and Okinawan Emigration,” and “Being ‘Japanese’ in Brazil and Okinawa,” both in Okinawa: Cold War Island (JPRI, 1999); and “Land, Culture and Power of Money: Assimilation and Resistance of Okinawan Immigrants in Bolivia,” in Encounters: Peoples of Asian Descent in the Americas (Stanford University Press, 1999). She is author of “The Importance of Being Japanese in Bolivia,” JPRI Working Paper No. 75, and “Reinventing Population Problems in Okinawa: Emigration as a Tool of American Occupation,” JPRI Working Paper No. 90. She took part in the International Nikkei Research Project at the Japanese American National Museum in Los Angeles from 1999 through 2000 and published “The ‘Labor Pains’ of Forging a Nikkei Community: A Study of the Santa Cruz Regions in Bolivia,” in New World, New Lives: Globalization and People of Japanese Descent in the Americas and from Latin America in Japan (Stanford University Press, 2002). She also participated in the project on Contributions of Asian Descendants to Latin America and the Caribbean of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) from 2002 through 2003, and her paper is forthcoming from the IDB. Her paper, “Four Governments and a New Land: Emigration to Bolivia,” will be included in the anthology Overseas Japanese and Japanese Transnational Migrants in a Global World: From the Past to the Present (forthcoming), and her “Population Pressure as a Euphemism: The Rhetoric to Push Okinawan Emigration,” will appear in the Journal of Social Process in Hawai’i. Her latest “Success by Default: Fifty Years of Postwar Okinawan Immigration in Bolivia,” will be published by the University of Ryukyu in English and Japanese in 2004.

E-mail: kamemiya@ucsd.edu


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MARIE ANCHORDOGUY is Associate Professor of East Asian Studies and Chair of the Japan Studies Program in the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies at the University of Washington. She specializes in the political economy of Japan, especially industrial policy toward high tech electronics industries. She holds bachelor’s degrees in both Japanese Studies and Music (1978) from the University of California, Berkeley. Her M.B.A. (1982) and Ph.D. (1986) degrees are also from the Haas School of Business at Berkeley, where she was one of the first business school doctorates to study Japanese industrial policy using Japanese materials and field research in Japan. She has studied and lived in Japan for almost ten years.

Anchordoguy is author of Computers, Inc.: Japan's Challenge to IBM (Cambridge, Ma.: Harvard Council on East Asian Studies, 1989) and many other monographs on industrial targeting and the techniques and institutions of Japanese industrial policy. These include "Japanese-American Trade Conflict and Supercomputers," Political Science Quarterly, vol. 109, no.1, spring 1994, "Japan at a Technological Crossroads: Does Change Support Convergence?", Journal of Japanese Studies (summer 1997), “Japan’s Software Industry, A Failure of Institutions?” Research Policy, vol.29, no.3, 2000, “Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Company (NTT) and the Building of a Telecommunications Industry in Japan,” Business History Review, vol.75, autumn 2001, “U.S.-Japan Relations and Japan’s Industrial Policy toward its Electronics Sector” in Japan and the U.S. Reconsidered: Evolution of Security and Economic Choices since 1960 (Economic Strategy Institute, 2002), and “Japan’s Developmental State in the 1990s and Beyond: Has Industrial Policy Outlived its Usefulness?” in David Arase, ed. The Challenge of Change, East Asia in the New Millenium (Institute of East Asian Studies, UC Berkeley, 2003). She has held fellowships from the National Science Foundation (her research was done at the Japanese Science and Technology Agency), Harvard University, the Japan Foundation, and the Fulbright Commission. During 1991 and 1992 she was appointed a Ministry of Education Visiting Professor at Hitotsubashi University’s Center for Innovation Research and was a visiting scholar there in 1999 while on an Abe Fellowship from the Center for Global Partnership. She is in the final stages of completing a book manuscript tentatively titled, Communitarian Capitalism: Social Norms and Institutional Change in Japan’s High Tech Electronics Industries. In 2004 she became coeditor of The Journal of Japanese Studies.

E-mail: anchor@u.washington.edu

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HANS H. BAERWALD was born in 1927 in Tokyo to German parents. His father was a businessman employed by Cassella, a Frankfurt-based corporation specializing in Aniline dyes, and later by the big chemical congomerate, I. G. Farben. He had come to Japan in 1912.The family emigrated to the U.S. in November, 1940. Baerwald completed high school and started college at the University of California in Berkeley, but he was drafted into the army in June of 1945. He was sent to the U.S. Army's Japanese Language School before returning to Tokyo as a language officer in the Government Section of GHQ SCAP, where he worked on the political purge and related Japanese political matters. He returned to UC Berkeley, where he received his B.A., M.A. and with the help of a Ford Foundation Foreign Area Fellowship, spent 1954-55 in Tokyo for dissertation research. He received his Ph.D. in Political Science in 1956 and taught at Miami University (OH) from 1956 until 1962. He then joined the Department of Political Science at UCLA, where he taught mostly Japan-related courses until his retirement in 1991.

Among his major publications are The Purge of Japanese Leaders under the Occupation (University of California Press, 1959), published in Japanese as Shidosha Tsuiho (Keiso Shobo, 1970); Japan's Parliament: an Introduction (Cambridge University Press, 1974), and Party Politics in Japan (Allen & Unwin, 1986), which were published in Japanese under the general title Nihonjin to Seiji Bunka (Ningen no Kagakusha, 1974 and 1989).

From 1965 to 1967, and again from 1969 to 1970, Baerwald headed the University of California's Education Abroad Program Study Center for undergraduates on the campus of International Christian University in Mitaka, Tokyo. He was also a consultant (1974-77) to the OECD, dealing with "Social Sciences Policy: Japan."

Today Baerwald lives on his 80-acre ranch in the Pope Valley in California's Napa County, where he keeps busy propagating oak trees and dealing with problems of soil conservation and erosion control. He also works on his memoirs about his and his family's long association with Japan.

e-mail: hanbwald@napanet.net


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STEVEN C. CLEMONS serves as co-founding Director of the Japan Policy Research Institute and also as Executive Vice President of the New America Foundation, a centrist policy think tank in Washington, D.C. 

From 1987-1994, Steve Clemons served as Executive Director of the Japan America Society of Southern California. In 1994, he became Executive Director of the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom, a bipartisan foreign and domestic policy center founded and supported by the Richard Nixon Library & Birthplace Foundation. In 1995, Clemons became Senior Policy Adviser for International and Economic Affairs to U.S. Senator Jeff Bingaman (D-NM) from 19! 95 to 1997. From 1997-99, Clemons served as Executive Vice President of the Economic Strategy Institute, a centrist economic policy think tank in Washington.  Clemons previously served on the Advisory Board to the Center for U.S.-Japan Relations at the RAND Corporation and is presently on the Advisory Board of the Clarke Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Contemporary Issues at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. 

Steve Clemons is also a co-founder and Executive Committee member of the Coalition for a Realistic Foreign Policy. Clemons also maintains a personal website with various writing and commentary, as well as a daily political web commentary.

Clemons publishes articles widely in journals and newspapers in the U.S., Middle East, Europe, and Asia on American security and defense policy and on U.S.-Japan relations and is a frequent contributor on national radio and news programs.  Clemons is also an avid marathon runner, fisherman, and collector of contemporary art. He is also a member of many of the nation's leading foreign policy and economic policy associations.

Email: clemons@jpri.org and steve@steveclemons.com

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KENNETH S. COURTIS was born in Toronto, Canada in 1950. He is currently vice president for Asia of Goldman Sachs, Inc., with his headquarters in Tokyo. He was formerly strategist and senior economist for Deutsche Bank Capital Markets (Asia), the investment banking arm of the Deutsche Bank Group, Europe's largest financial institution. His email address is kenneth.courtis@gs.com.

After graduating with honors from Glendon College in Toronto, Courtis took an M.A. in international economics at Sussex University, England, an M.B.A. in finance and strategy at INSEAD (the European Institute of Business Administration at Fontainebleau), and a doctorate at the Institute of Economic and Political Studies in Paris. In Tokyo, Dr. Courtis lectures on internationaleconomics at Keio and Tokyo Universities and, in Europe, is Visiting Professor of the Stockholm School of Economics. His latest book is Miezaru tomi no teikoku (The Invisible Wealth of Japan) (Kodansha, 1994). He has contributed to all the world's leading business and economics journals, including Euromoney, the Harvard Business Review, the Financial Times, Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Foreign Affairs, Fortune, and Business Week; and he has testified often before the Foreign Affairs Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives.

Courtis serves on the International Research Council of the Center for International and Strategic Studies (CSIS) in Washington. He is also a member of the advisory boards of the international M.B.A. program of York University in Toronto and of the Economic Strategy Institute in Washington. Dr. Courtis is best known for his analyses of the Japanese economy, but he is equally concernedwith the economies of mainland China and the Overseas Chinese in Asia. "His superstar status is undisputed," writes the Institutional Investor (September 1994, p. 26). Fax: (81-3) 5401-6900

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JOHN W. DOWER was born in 1938 in Providence, Rhode Island. He received his B.A. in American Studies from Amherst College and his Ph.D. in History and Far Eastern Languages from Harvard. From 1971 to 1986, he taught history at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and from 1986 to 1991 he was the Joseph Naiman Professor of History and Japanese Studies at the University of California, San Diego. Since 1991, he has been the Henry R. Luce Professor of International Cooperation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Dower's 1986 book, War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War, won several prizes in the U.S., including the National Book Critics Circle Award for non-fiction, as well as the Masayoshi Ohira Memorial Prize in Japan. His 1999 book Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II won the Pulitzer Prize, the Bancroft Prize, and the National Book Award. It has been hailed as a major contribution to studies of the postwar Occupation era and will be published in Japanese by Iwanami.

Another theme in Dower's scholarship has been the linkages and discontinuities between prewar and postwar Japan. He examined political and international aspects of this in Empire and Aftermath: Yoshida Shigeru and the Japanese Experience, 1878-1954. First published in 1979, this study of Japan's most famous political leader became a best-seller in Japanese translation and recently has been issued in both English and Japanese paperback editions. Dower's most recent book, Japan in War and Peace (1994) contains twelve essays on a range of prewar and postwar topics.

Dower is also strongly interested in film and other expressions of popular culture in reexamining Japanese history. He has published books on Japanese design and photography, as well as on the collaborative "Hiroshima Murals" of the painters Iri and Toshi Maruki. In 1986, he was executive producer of a documentary film about the Marukis, titled Hellfire: a Journey from Hiroshima, which was nominated for an Academy Award.

His fax is (508) 564-6623.

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THOMAS FLANNIGAN was born in 1952 in Chicago. He received a B.A. in history from Boston College, an M.A. in international relations from the University of Chicago, and a law degree from De Paul University. After graduating from law school, he clerked for Justice William Clark of the Illinois Supreme Court, and has been in the private practice of law in Chicago and Tokyo during the past 12 years.

While he and his wife, Ellen, were living in Tokyo in the early 1990s they wrote Tokyo Museums: A Complete Guide (Charles Tuttle, 1993), the first English-language book ever written about the museums of Tokyo.

Flannigan has studied Japanese for 13 years, and currently is an attorney in Chicago, where he concentrates on assisting Americans who have dealings with Japan. His hobbies include classical music and travel. He has travelled around the world 8 times during the past 20 years, and has visited more than 130 countries.

Email: PASSPORT@prodigy.net
URL: The Japan Observer

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GLEN S. FUKUSHIMA was born in 1949 in California, a third-generation American of Japanese ancestry. His undergraduate education is from Stanford and his graduate work at Harvard, where he studied in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and in both the Business School and the Law School. At Harvard he was a teaching fellow for Professors David Riesman, Ezra F. Vogel, and Edwin O. Reischauer. During this period he also studied and worked in Japan for almost ten years, including a Fulbright fellowship in the Faculty of Law of the University of Tokyo. He is a member of the California bar.

During the Reagan and Bush administrations Fukushima served for almost five years as, successively, director for Japanese Affairs in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative and Deputy Assistant U.S. Trade Representative for Japan and China. During the period 1985 to 1990 he travelled to Japan some 45 times for trade negotiations over such issues as semiconductors, telecommunications, lawyers, and construction services and is one of America's most seasoned trade negotiators with Japan. In 1990, he became regional director for Public Policy and Market Development at AT&T Japan, Ltd. In 1992 he became vice president and in 1997 president of the American Chamber of Commerce Japan (ACCJ).

Fukushima is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, vice-chairman of the Japan-U.S. Friendship Commission, and councillor of the International Christian University, Tokyo. He has taught as a visiting professor at Sophia University and is the author of Nichi-Bei keizai masatsu no seijigaku (The Politics of U.S.-Japan Economic Friction) (1992), which won the Ohira Prize in 1993. He became very well known in the field of Japanese-American relations when a memo he wrote entitled "Repairing the U.S.-Japan Relationship" of January 4, 1994, was sent without his knowledge to President Clinton. The President annotated it favorably and circulated it throughout the administration; it ended up on the front page of every newspaper and journal concerned with trans-Pacific relations (for the text and details, see American Chamber of Commerce in Japan, The Journal, June 1994, p. 17). His wife Sakie is vice president and partner in the Tokyo office of Korn/Ferry International, the largest executive search firm in the world.

Mr. Glen S. Fukushima
President & CEO
Cadence Design Systems, Japan
E-mail: gsf@cadence.com

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IVAN P. HALL was born in 1932 of American parents in Orthodox Bulgaria at the Protestant-run American College of Sofia and has devoted a dual-track professional lifetime in scholarship and government cultural service to studying and working on cultural borders, barriers, and bridges. He received his B.A. in European History from Princeton in 1954, an M.A. in International Relations from the Fletcher School in 1958, and his Ph.D. in Japanese History from Harvard in 1969. A German interpreter with military intelligence in West Germany (1955-56, including TDY (temporary duty) as 'cellist with the 7 th Army Symphony Orchestra in Stuttgart), and an assistant cultural attaché in two Muslim countries with the U.S.I.S. in Kabul, Afghanistan (1958-59) and Dhaka (then East Pakistan, 1959-61), Hall returned to cultural diplomacy as the Tokyo-based Associate Executive Director of the Japan-U.S. Friendship Commission (1977-84).

A visiting lecturer in Modern Japanese History at the 1971 Harvard Summer School and Harvard's Tokyo representative for its Japan Fund drive in the early 1970s, Hall was a visiting professor sequentially at Tsukuba, Keio, and Gakushuin Universities (1984-93) lecturing in English and Japanese at the college and graduate levels on American and Japanese intellectual history, political ideologies, and cultural diplomacy. Dividing his residence nowadays between Chiang Mai, Thailand and Honolulu, Hall has taught semesters in Japanese history (premodern, modern, and intellectual) at Yonsei, Renmin, and Temple Universities in Seoul, Beijing and Tokyo.

Hall's three books explore Japan's cultural interface with the outside world. MORI ARINORI (Harvard, 1973) is an intellectual biography of Tokyo's first envoy to Washington and the architect of Meiji Japan's educational system. CARTELS OF THE MIND: Japan's Intellectual Closed Shop (Norton, 1997), an exposé of barriers to foreign participation in Japan's academic, media and legal institutions, was chosen by Business Week as one of the "Ten Best Business Books of 1997." BAMBOOZLED! How American Loses the Intellectual Game with Japan and its Implications for Our Future in Asia (M.E.Sharpe, 2002) shows how U.S. intellectual hubris and gullibility have abetted Tokyo's PR strategies to hitch the American mind to Japan's national interest.

email: ivanphall@hotmail.com

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CHALMERS JOHNSON is president of the Japan Policy Research Institute, a non-profit research and public affairs organization devoted to public education concerning Japan and international relations in the Pacific. He taught for thirty years, 1962-1992, at the Berkeley and San Diego campuses of the University of California and held endowed chairs in Asian politics at both of them. At Berkeley he served as chairman of the Center for Chinese Studies and as chairman of the Department of Political Science. His B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees in economics and political science are all from the University of California, Berkeley.

He first visited Japan in 1953 as a U.S. Navy officer and has lived and worked there with his wife, the anthropologist Sheila K. Johnson, every year between 1961 and 1998. Chalmers Johnson has been honored with fellowships from the Ford Foundation, the Social Science Research Council, and the Guggenheim Foundation; and in 1976 he was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has written numerous articles and reviews and some sixteen books, including Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power on the Chinese revolution, An Instance of Treason on Japan’s most famous spy, Revolutionary Change on the theory of violent protest movements, and MITI and the Japanese Miracle on Japanese economic development. This last-named book laid the foundation for the “revisionist” school of writers on Japan, and because of it the Japanese press dubbed him the “Godfather of revisionism.”

He was chairman of the academic advisory committee for the PBS television series “The Pacific Century,” and he played a prominent role in the PBS “Frontline” documentary “Losing the War with Japan.” Both won Emmy awards. His most recent books are Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2000) and The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic, which was published by Metropolitan in January 2004. Blowback won the 2001 American Book Award of the Before Columbus Foundation.

Email: chaljohnson@jpri.org

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SHEILA K. JOHNSON was born in 1937 in The Hague, Holland and emigrated to the U. S. in 1947. She received an A.B. and a Ph.D. in Anthropology, and an M.A. in English, from the University of California, Berkeley. She specialized in cross-cultural gerontology, and her dissertation, Idle Haven: Community-Building Among the Working-Class Retired was published by the University of California Press. After teaching at San Francisco, Hayward, and Sonoma State Universities, she became a free-lance writer and published numerous articles in The New York Times Magazine, Commentary, The Los Angeles Times, and elsewhere. In 1975, she published American Attitudes Toward Japan, 1941-1975, a book that she first updated and revised in 1986 for the Simul Press in Tokyo, which published it as Amerika jin no nihon kan. In 1988, Stanford University Press published a still further revised edition as The Japanese Through American Eyes, which appeared as a paperback in 1991.

Sheila Johnson is married to Chalmers Johnson, and first traveled to Japan with him in 1961. She made numerous trips to Japan between 1961 and 1993. She continues to publish articles and book reviews about women and aging in Japan. Since 1994, she has been the editor for the Japan Policy Research Institute.

Email: knip@mindspring.com  

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ELLIS S. KRAUSS was born in 1944 in Memphis, Tennessee, but grew up in New York City and received his B.A. from Brooklyn College CUNY. He received his M.A. and Ph.D. from Stanford University, and since 1996 has been a Professor at the Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies at the University of California, San Diego. Prior to that he taught for 25 years at the University of Pittsburgh and Western Washington University.

A specialist on postwar Japanese politics and U.S.-Japan relations, Krauss has authored or co-edited six books on Japan, including Broadcasting Politics in Japan: NHK and Television News (2000), Media and Politics in Japan (coeditor, Susan Pharr); Democracy in Japan (1990; coeditor, Takeshi Ishida) and Conflict in Japan (1984; coeditors, Thomas Rohlen and Patricia Steinhoff). His dissertation, Japanese Radicals Revisited: Student Protest in Postwar Japan, was published by the University of California Press in 1974. He recently published an edited volume with T.J.Pempel, Beyond Bilateralism: U.S.-Japan Relations in the New Asia-Pacific (Stanford University Press, 2003).

From 1998-2000, Krauss received the prestigious Abe Fellowship from the Center for Global Partnership for research on the U.S. and Japan in APEC. In 1992 he was a "Distinguished Lecturer" for the Association for Asian Studies, and in 1994 he received a National Endowment for the Humanities award to direct a "Summer Seminar for College Teachers" on the theme of "The Democratic Experience in Japan."

Krauss has made numerous research trips to Japan since he first went there in 1968. He has also been a visiting scholar at Tokyo, Kyoto, Keio, and Sophia Universities. His current and future book projects include one on how the electoral reform of the early 1990s actually changed the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Japanese politics (with Robert Pekkanen), and another on the domestic politics of the U.S.-Japan alliance in comparative perspective (with Chris Hughes and Verena Blechinger).

Email: EKrauss@ucsd.edu


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MASAO KUNIHIRO was born in 1930 in Tokyo. From 1989 to 1995 he served in the Upper House of the Diet, having been elected from the proportional representation list of the Socialist Party. He is one of Japan's best known spokesmen for political liberalism, and in January 1994 he voted against the small electoral district system, believing that it would merely destroy the liberal left in Japan. He left the Socialist Party and created the Goken Riberaru no Kai (Constitution-Protecting Liberal Society), devoted to preserving Japan's peace constitution. He was a personal aide to former Prime Minister Takeo Miki and he also worked closely with former Socialist Party chairwoman Takako Doi.

Kunihiro is a graduate of the University of Hawaii, where he also did his graduate work. He has taught at Tokyo International University, Chuo University, Ochanomizu Women's University, and Sophia University. He is well-known to the Japanese public as the international anchor person on Nihon television and as a professor on NHK's educational TV service. He has written many books on the study of English for Japanese, and he is a prolific translator from English into Japanese. His translations include Reischauer's The Japanese, Prestowitz's Trading Places, and Mike Mansfield's The Future Is In the Pacific. Some six volumes of his essays have been published under the general title of Masao Kunihiro jisenshu. He has had a biography written about him Taga Mikiko's Riberaru-to hasshin: Kunihiro Masao no goken to hisen (Launching a Liberal Party: Masao Kunihiro's Defense of the Constitution and Pacifism) (Tokyo, 1994)" and he has been elected an honorary professor of Edinburgh University in the U.K. He is a regular contributor to the journal Gunshuku mondai shiryo (Questions of Disarmament), and he was one of Japan's earliest advocates of using some of the funds budgeted for national defense to prepare for earthquakes. Fax: (81-3) 3300-5861

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JUNNOSUKE MASUMI was born in 1925 in Nagasaki. A graduate of the Faculty of Law of the University of Tokyo (1948), Masumi is one of Japan's best known and most widely published political scientists specializing in the political history of modern Japan. From 1952 to 1989 he was professor of political science at Tokyo Metropolitan University, where he also served as dean of the Faculty of Law (1973-1977). In 1982 he was elected for a two-year term as president of the Japanese Political Science Association. He has also studied and taught at the University of California on its Berkeley, Los Angeles, and San Diego campuses; at the University of Michigan; the University of Washington; and the University of Hawaii. During 1990-91 he was a fellow of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars attached to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC.
 
Masumi is the creator of the concept "1955 system," referring to the nature and foundations of the Liberal Democratic Party's uninterrupted control of political power in Japan from 1955 to 1993. Also, in his early book jointly written with Robert Scalapino, Masumi pioneered the study of factions within the Liberal Democratic Party (see Parties and Politics in Contemporary Japan, simultaneously published in English and Japanese by the University of California Press and Iwanami Shoten in 1962).
 
His most important work is his monumental Nihon seito shiron (Narrative History of Japanese Political Parties) (University of Tokyo Press, 1965-1980, 7 vols.). Masumi is also the author of some eight other multi-volume works, including Yutopia to kenryoku (Utopia and Political Power) (University of Tokyo Press, Expanded ed., 1986, 2 vols.); Nihon seijishi (The Political History of Modern Japan) (University of Tokyo Press, 1988, 4 vols.); and Hikaku seiji (Comparative Politics) (University of Tokyo Press, 1990-93, 3 vols.). In the latter work, Masumi compares the political systems of Western Europe and Japan (vol. 1), America and Russia (vol. 2), and East Asia and Japan (vol. 3). His Postwar Politics in Japan, 1945-1955 and Contemporary Politics of Japan since 1955 have been translated into English by Lonny E. Carlile and published respectively by the Center for Japanese Studies, University of California, Berkeley (1985) and the University of California Press (1995).
 
Fax: +81-3-3706-5560

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RONALD A. MORSE is the Tokyo Foundation Professor of Japan Studies at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. He is also a Director and US Representative of the Sangikyo Corporation of Japan and the Chairman of the Las Vegas World Affairs Council. Morse is also a member of the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan.

From 2100-2004, Morse was the Paul I. Terasaki Professor of Japanese Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA). From 1996 to 2001, he was Professor of Economics and Business Administration at Reitaku University in Tokyo, Japan.

In 1998, while living in Tokyo, he was appointed to an advisory committee of the Japanese government’s Economic Planning Agency. Since 1993, when he was a visiting fellow at the Japanese Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications Institute, he has followed wireless telecommunications issues and been a consultant to American telecommunication firms entering the Japanese market.

Morse is a well-known commentator on U.S-Asian affairs and the creator of the “Morse Target--a Guide to Washington's Movers and Shakers on Japan.” He is also the author or editor of over 20 books including: a reader on economic strategies, Powernomics: Economics and Strategy After the Cold War (1991); a guide to U.S. government statistical sources, DATA: Where It Is and How To Get It (1993); and an internet-based textbook, The Theory and Practice of American Politics Today (1999, in Japanese). In January 2002, he published Unconditional Success: American Security Policy Toward Japan and Tokyo’s Options (in Japanese), a book on the Bush administration’s Japan policy.

Morse was in Washington, D.C. for nearly two decades. He joined the Department of Defense in 1974 and in 1977 moved to the Department of State, where he covered Japanese domestic politics and foreign relations. Later at the Department of Energy (1980-1981), he worked on the Middle East and subsequently published several books on Asian and Middle East energy issues

From 1981 to 1988, Morse was Development Director and Director of the Asia Program at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, a presidential memorial in Washington D.C. From 1988 to 1990, he served as a special assistant for policy to the Librarian of Congress and established the Library of Congress fundraising office.

From 1990 to 1991, he helped establish and was executive vice president of the Economic Strategy Institute. From 1994 to 1996, Morse was the director of international fundraising (focused on China, Taiwan, Korea and Japan) for the University of Maryland, College Park.

Morse has a B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley, in Chinese studies. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1974. His dissertation focused on Japanese folklore studies. At that time, he also translated into English and published the literary classic of Kunio Yanagita, The Legends of Tono, a collection of folk tales and legends.

E-mail: ron@ramorse.com


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NORMAN P. NEUREITER was born in Illinois and grew up near Rochester, New York. He received a B.A. degree in chemistry from the University of Rochester in 1952 and a Ph.D. in organic chemistry from Northwestern University in 1957. He spent a year (1955-56) as a Fulbright Fellow in the Institute of Organic Chemistry at the University of Munich.

In 1957 he joined the Humble Oil and Refining Company (now part of Exxon) in Baytown, Texas, as a research chemist, also teaching German and Russian at the University of Houston. On leave from Humble in 1959 he served as a guide at the U.S. National Exhibition in Moscow, subsequently qualifying as an escort interpreter for the Department of State. In 1963 he joined the International Affairs Office of the National Science Foundation in Washington and managed the newly established U.S.-Japan Cooperative Science Program. Entering the U.S. Foreign Service in 1965, he was named Deputy Scientific Attache at the U.S. Embassy in Bonn. In 1967 he was transferred to Warsaw as the first U.S. Scientific Attache in Eastern Europe with responsibility for Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia.

Dr. Neureiter returned to Washington in 1969 as Assistant for International Affairs to the President’s Science Advisor in the White House Office of Science and Technology. He left the Government in 1973 and joined Texas Instruments (TI), where he held a number of staff and management positions including Manager, East-West Business Development; Manager, TI Europe Division; Vice President, Corporate Staff; and Vice President of TI Asia, resident in Tokyo from 1989-94. From 1991 until 1994, he served as Chairman of the Japan Chapter of the U.S. Semiconductor Industry Association.

After retirement from TI in 1996, he worked as a consultant until being appointed in September 2000, as the first Science and Technology Adviser to the U.S. Secretary of State. Finishing the 3-year assignment in 2003, he was made a Distinguished Presidential Fellow for International Affairs at the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. In May 2004, he joined the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) as the first Director of the new AAAS Center for Science, Technology, and Security, funded by the MacArthur Foundation. Dr. Neureiter is married with four children and speaks German, Russian, Polish, French, Spanish, and Japanese.

E-mail: nneureit@aaas.org or Norm2346@aol.com


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FRED G. NOTEHELFER was born to German missionary parents in Tokyo in 1939. Most of his youth, including the war years, was spent in Japan, and after a brief stay in the United States from 1947-1953, he returned to Tokyo and graduated from the American School in Japan in 1957.

He received his B.A. in 1962 from Harvard, where under the influence of Edwin O. Reischauer, he gave up aspirations to become a painter for the study of Japanese history. He received his Ph.D. in 1968 from Princeton University, where he studied with Marius B. Jansen. After a lectureship at Princeton from 1966-1969, he came to the University of California, Los Angeles, where he is a professor of history and director of the UCLA Center for Japanese Studies.

Notehelfer's research concentrated on the emergence of modern Japan in the late nineteenth century and on the transformation of modern Japan during the twentieth century. His recent interests have focused on two additional areas--westerners, especially Americans, active in nineteenth century Japan, and the Tokugawa-Meiji transition. His books include Kotoku Shusui: Portrait of a Japanese Radical (Cambridge University Press, 1971); American Samurai: Captain L. L. Janes and Japan (Princeton University Press, 1985); and Japan Through American Eyes: The Journal of Francis Hall, Kanagawa and Yokohama, 1859-1866 (Princeton University Press, 1992). He is currently working on a book dealing with the Meiji Restoration.

Notehelfer has often been invited to Japan on visiting professorships and research assignments. His hobbies include an ongoing fascination with modern Japanese art, particularly painting, and with modern Japanese ceramics. Once in a while he still produces a painting of his own, though most of his artistic urges are now confined to admiring the work of others.

Email: notehelf@history.ucla.edu

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ROBERT (Skipp) M. ORR was named President of Boeing Japan in February 2002. He is responsible for coordinating all Boeing business activities in Japan and directing a country team comprised of business unit leaders from each sector of the company. Concurrently he is Vice Chair of the National Association of Japan-America Societies for the 2003-2005 term.

Prior to this position, Orr was Vice President and Director of European Affairs for Motorola N.V./S.A. in Brussels, Belgium. He was responsible for corporate relations with the European Union and its constituent institutions.

Dr. Orr has lived and worked in Japan for 18 years. From 1997 to 2000, he was the Vice President and Director of Government Relations for Motorola Japan. Before this appointment, he spent four years as Director of the Office of Government Relations for Nippon Motorola in Tokyo. He also served as Vice President of the American Chamber of Commerce Japan from 1998-2000.

As an academician, Dr. Orr was Associate Professor and Director of the Institute for Pacific Rim Studies at Temple University's Japan campus from 1992 to 1993. From 1990 to 1992 he was Director of the Stanford Japan Center in Kyoto, Japan. He also taught political science at Temple University Japan between 1985 and 1990.

Orr served in the U.S. Government as Special Assistant to the Assistant Administrator for Asia in the United States Agency for International Development from 1981 to 1983. Previously, he was on the staff of the U.S. House of Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee's Subcommittee on Asia and Pacific Affairs. And before that Orr was Legislative Assistant to U.S. Congressman Paul G. Rogers (D-FL) for two years. He has also had experience as a staff member in the Japanese Parliament (Diet).

Orr earned a B.A., cum laude, in history from Florida Atlantic University in 1976 (inducted into the alumni Hall of Fame in 1994) and an M.A. in government from Georgetown University in 1979. He earned his Ph.D. in political science from the University of Tokyo in 1988. He speaks, reads and writes German, Japanese and has intermediate skills in French and Dutch. As an aside, Orr was a German-English interpreter during the 1972 Munich Olympic Games.

Dr. Orr’s book The Emergence of Japan's Foreign Aid Power published by Columbia University Press in 1990 was honored with the 1991 Masayoshi Ohira prize for best book on the Asia/ Pacific Basin.

Raised in Florida and born in 1953 in Mt. Vernon, N.Y., Orr has been married to Mitsuko Tanabe for 28 years. They live in Tokyo with their two Golden Retrievers Fuco and Marina. His email is skipp.orr@boeing.com.

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MEREDITHJUNG-EN WOO is Professor of Political Science at the University of Michigan. Her teaching and research interests include Economic Development, International Political Economy, East Asian Politics, and U.S.-East Asian relations. Before joining the University of Michigan, she taught at Northwestern University and Columbia University.

She has authored and edited a number of books, including Race to the Swift: State and Finance in Korean Industrialization (Columbia University Press, 1991), which was published under the name Jung-en Woo; Past as Prelude: History in the Making of the New World Order (Westview Press, 1991); Capital Ungoverned: Liberalizing Finance in Interventionist States (Cornell University Press, 1996), The Developmental State (Cornell University Press, 1999), as well as the co-authored report of the Presidential Report, Building American Prosperity in the 21st Century: Report of the Presidential Commission on United States-Pacific Trade and Investment Policy (Government Printing Office, 1997). After the Miracle: Neoliberalism and Reform in East Asia will be published from the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development.

She is currently finishing two manuscripts. One is entitled The Ruins of Modernity: The Catastrophe in North Korea. The other one traces the evolution of capitalism in East Asia. It is called The Three Worlds of East Asian Capitalism.

She is also produced a film, Unreliable People, about Stalin's first "ethnic cleansing" in 1937, involving deportation of some 200,000 ethnic Koreans from the Soviet Maritime Provinces to Central Asia.

Professor Woo was born Seoul, Korea, and raised in Tokyo, Japan, where she attended an international high school. She graduated magna cum laude from Bowdoin College, majoring in English Literature and History. She has received an M.A. in International Affairs, and in Latin American Studies, and a Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University. She is fluent in English, Korean, and Japanese, and reads Chinese, Spanish and Portuguese.

She has consulted for the World Bank, the United States Trade Representative, World Institute for Development Economics Research, Social Science Research Council, Asian Development Bank Institute, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, the Asia Foundation, and the MacArthur Foundation. She serves on the Board of Directors for the Japan Policy Research Institute, Cardiff, CA, and the editorial board of Studies in Comparative International Development, and Journal of East Asian Politics .

Email: mwoc@umich.edu

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ALAN WOLFF is Managing Partner of the Washington D.C. office of Dewey Ballantine LLP. He also leads Dewey Ballantine’s international trade practice.

At Dewey Ballantine LLP, Wolff has represented clients involved in some of the most important trade issues of our day. He has been credited with helping to open international markets for American products, including semiconductors, computer parts, telecommunications equipment, soda ash and forest products, consumer photographic film and paper, and insurance, and was involved in the planning for the U.S. initiative to open foreign markets for U.S. services industries. He has been active in efforts to limit trade distorting practices such as discriminatory taxation and product standars, dumping and subsidies, private anticompetitive practices; and limiting the use of trade-related investment performance requirements. He has been active in the protection of intellectual property rights. He has worked in support of Congressional approval of the Uruguay Round WTO agreements, accession of China to the World Trade Organization, and granting of permanent normal trade relations between the United States and China. He has been instrumental in the establishment of Dewey Ballantine’s Beijing office.

He serves as a member of the National Academies’ Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy; the U.S. Department of State's Advisory Committee on International Economic Policy; the Advisory Committee of the Institute for International Economics; the Advisory Board of the Economic Strategy Institute; is Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Institute for Trade and Commercial Diplomacy; and is a member of the Advisory Board of International Trade Studies of the Center for National Policy; the Board of Trustees of the United States Council for International Business; the American Society of International Law, the American Bar Association; and the Council on Foreign Relations;
Wolff served as United States Deputy Special Representative for Trade Negotiations (1977-1979) in the Carter Administration, holding the rank of ambassador, after having served as General Counsel of the agency during the Ford Administration from 1974-77. As Deputy Trade Representative, Wolff was responsible for coordinating the formulation of American policy for U.S. participation in the major round of multilateral trade negotiations prior to the Uruguay Round. From 1968 to 1973, Wolff was an attorney dealing with international monetary, trade and development issues at the U.S. Treasury Department.

He is a member of the bar in Massachusetts, New York, the District of Columbia, the U.S. Court of International Trade, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, and the Supreme Court of the United States. He has co-authored a number of books and published articles on trade and U.S. trade law. A list of his representative publications is contained at www.dbtrade.com.

He has previously served as a member of the North American Committee of the National Policy Association; the Board of Trustees of the Monterey Institute of International Studies; and the Policy Study Group on China-Japan-US Cooperation in Asia-Pacific Region Trade and Investment Liberalization (the Trilateral Forum) of the Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy (BRIE). He has also served as a member of the Commissioned Task Force on America’s Role in Asia (2000-2001); the Global Economic Council of the National Planning Association (1995-2000); Commission on Government Renewal (1992); Task Force on the Future of American Trade Policy of the Twentieth Century Fund (1989); the Defense Manufacturing Strategy Committee of the National Research Council (1989); the Board of Trustees of the Japan-America Society of Washington, D.C. (1983-89); the Atlantic Council’s Advisory Trade Panel (1979-86); the U.S. Trade Representative’s Services Policy Advisory Committee (1980-86); the U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s Services Trade Policy Task Force (1982-83); the President’s Advisory Committee for Trade Negotiations (1980-82); the Congressional Study Group on International Trade and Economics (1981-82); Chairman, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Overseas Business Practices Committee and Services Trade Law Subcommittee (1980); and an advisor to the Commission on Organizing the U.S. Government for the Post-Cold War Era.

Email: awolff@deweyballantine.com


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